Raspberry, Rosaceae deciduous shrub, because of its similar fruit color and strawberry, but grow in the tree, hence the name raspberry. It is one of the third-generation fruits that have emerged at home and abroad in recent years. The raspberry is sweet and delicious, rich in nutrition, and has a special rich aroma. In addition to fresh food, it can also process fruit juices, beverages, and fruit wine. The raspberry has wide adaptability and strong growth potential. There is no special requirement for the soil quality. A small amount of fruit can be planted in the year of planting. In the third and fourth years, the raspberry enters the high-yield period, yielding more than 1200 kilograms per mu. Because of its novel and unique fruits, it is unique in many fruits, so it also has great market competitiveness and development prospects. Raspberry has strong tillering ability. After the second year of planting, each plant can divide more than ten new seedlings each year, which can quickly control barren hills. It is a small shrub species with high ecological and economic benefits. Its planting management techniques are as follows: 1. Planting period: raspberry spring planting can be planted in spring, and planting in spring is in principle the pre-emergence of seedlings after soil thawing (March-April), during which period the seedlings cannot be germinated. Late planting is preferred, and spring planting is premature because the soil temperature is low and the temperature range is unstable, which is not conducive to root growth. In autumn, the planting is basically the mature lignification of raspberry seedlings until the soil is frozen (from October to December). 2. Planting methods: Raspberry planting methods include single planting and strip planting. Single planting is suitable for planting on sporadic land near the house, and black raspberry with weak tillering force. The plant spacing of each plant line is 2 meters. Ribbon planting is suitable for large-scale planting. The row spacing for planting is 2.50 meters, the plant spacing is 0.30 meters, and there are 330 planting holes per acre. The non-buried cold-proof area was 1.50 meters, with a spacing of 0.80 meters and 555 planting holes per acre. Whether single planting or strip planting, in order to form luxuriant plant clusters as soon as possible, the planting density of high yielding plants should be achieved as soon as possible, and planting 2-3 plants per hole is appropriate. 3. Before planting, plant the roots of the seedlings soaked in water for 12-24 hours to increase the survival rate of the roots by sucking enough water. The requirements for planting are deep-buried and shallow-buried. The roots of the deep-seedlings are 10-15 cm from the ground. Shallow burial is within 30 centimeters around the seedlings. Do not exceed the original soil marks on the shoots. The purpose of deep planting is because each year, the newly born rhizomes move up year by year as the age of the tree grows, and the root system on the lower side will age year by year. In order to ensure the normal growth of the tree, it must be planted in depth. The purpose of shallow burial is mainly to shorten the period of seedling sowing and increase the survival rate. When planting, dig the planting hole first, support the seedlings in the hole, and pay attention to the root system. Then, bury the soil to the original soil and seal, then step on the soil to make the root system closely contact with the soil. After the raspberry is planted in spring, since the nutrient center of the plant is in the underground root rather than on the ground, it usually takes 1-2 months to extract the basal shoots. This is the particularity of the raspberry and other fruit trees, so the investigation of the raspberry The survival rate should be carried out 2 months after planting. After the autumn planting, the roots of the raspberry will recover before the soil freezes. At this time, due to the low temperature and short days of sunlight in the shoots, the buds will not be able to germinate when they enter hibernation. The survival rate, but also promoted the second year of production, so the survival rate of the autumn planting raspberry is 1-2% higher than the spring planting, is determined by the special root system of raspberry. 4. Stretching and binding: Although all other species except for blackberries are erect, but because raspberry shoots usually only grow for 2 years, the techniques are relatively thin compared to other fruit trees. When the branches grow to 1.50 meters, they are easy. Bowing and touching the ground, especially in the result period, the weight of the fruit is even more so. Touching the ground first caused the fruit to be contaminated, affecting fruit quality and economic efficiency, and secondly, it also caused inconvenience to the management of soil, fertilizer, water, and harvesting. Therefore, the raspberry should be strung together. Straddling and tying can increase the leaf area coefficient, turn from planar results to three-dimensional results, uniform distribution of shoots, improved ventilation and light transmission conditions, etc. This is also one of the important measures to increase the yield of raspberry production. It is very simple to set up a tie and lead every 5-10 meters in the row, 1.20 to 1.50 meters high, and pull two iron wire, the upper wire fixed at the top of the pillar, the lower wire is 1 meter away from the ground, the branch fan cited Tie to the wire. 5, pruning: raspberry and other fruit trees, in order to obtain a stable high yield, must have a reasonable amount of branches, which need to be trimmed. The first time the pruning is done in the early spring to plant the pruning. The dense and weak branches and broken branches must be cut off. When the new shoots grow to 40-60 centimeters in length, the 10 centimeters of the smaller plants can be plucked. Promote new sprouting of lateral buds and increase branch weight. The second pruning is the pruning of the basal branches (ie, new shoots of the year). Production practices have shown that it is optimal to leave basal shoots cut within 1.30 to 1.50 meters, which promotes the growth of the resulting mother twigs and increases The yield also causes the basal branches to fully differentiate the flower buds in the second year, so when the basal branches exceed 1.50 meters, they are trimmed. Each year, 6-8 strains of strong basal branches are selected from each plant, and the rest are cut off. This is a reasonable cluster density. The third trimming is after the harvest is completed, the resulting parent branches must be sparsely removed.
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