First, a reasonable selection of main vines small fan-shaped wine viticulture, selected to retain the main vines 3-4, stout branches, maturity, good shoots full, if adjacent to the lack of seedlings may be appropriate to keep 1-2 more branches, stable yield . Second, the winter cut to the correct wine grape tree structure with three main vines regular fan shape is appropriate, three main vines, 9 results mother branch. Results The principle of selecting the length of mother twigs: "The long-lasting vigor is retained, and the weak short-stayed; the thick-branch twigs stay long, the thin and weak twigs stay short; the saplings stay long, the big trees stay short; the prolonged branches stay long, and the lateral shoots are short. stay". The short shoot stays 3 to 4 knots, the middle shoot stays 5 to 7 knots, and the long shoot stays 8 to 12 knots. The main points of the Cabernet Sauvignon plant are medium and short shoots. Third, the summer cut should be timely 1. After the grapes are on the shelves, the distribution of the shelves should be even, and the branches and vines should be tightened so as not to break the shoots with strong winds. The important link of the summer cut is to wipe the buds, set the branches, and spade the ears. After the buds are placed on the grapes, the buds grow to 1 to 3 centimeters in length, eradicating buds, weak buds, and diseased buds to promote the growth of strong buds and promote flower growth. If the main culm is insufficient, the base stays 1 ~ 2 sprout buds cultivate main vine. The shoots are made when the shoot length reaches 5 to 10 centimeters. The "flowers are left empty and stay strong without leaving weak." When the result is insufficient, vegetative shoots can be added. Generally, every 10 to 15 cm leaves a new shoot. Two stay one, scattered choices, stable tree shape, 20 to 25 plants/branches of Cabernet Sauvignon. The sparse spike is a supplement to the wiping buds and the twigs, leaving large and small, conserving nutrients, focusing on supply, and ensuring yield and quality. The Cabernet Sauvignon strain retains 30 to 35 spikes per plant, leaving as much fruit as possible and a large ear. 2. Treatment of main branches and auxiliary shoots is the peak period of grape growth from mid-July to the end of July. If the main shoots and auxiliary shoots are not processed in time, the tree shape is disturbed on the one hand, and nutrients are consumed on the other hand, affecting the grapes. Yield and quality, so we must deal with it in time. 2 The tip of the main shoot can control the growth of branches, promote fruit setting, large fruit, and high sugar content. It takes 3 to 5 days before flowering. The result is that the branch is on the 5th to 6th section of the last inflorescence, and the nutrition branch is left on 8 to 12 sections. Topping, for the lack of length before the flower, can be postponed until the length of the longer topping, located at the top of the flower spike above the tip, the top 1 to 2 axillary leaves 3 to 4 leaves repeated topping, The rest are left 1 to 2 leaves repeatedly topping. Before August 10th, all branches will be picked up, and the branches will be matured to ensure safe wintering. Fourth, the timely introduction of new shoots and timely introduction of new shoots is an important technical link in the growth of wine grapes. When the new shoots reach 30 to 404 meters in length, the shoots will be knuckled and the new shoots must be evenly distributed, and they must not overlap so as not to affect the tree. Shape, affecting the ventilation and light transmission. It is best to tie vertically or obliquely, and the growth period is tied 4 to 5 times. V. Management 1. General Principles for Watering Grapes Before “Pre-promoting and Controllingâ€, the key three types of water: sprouting water, pre-flowering water, and berry-deepening water, and then increasing the number of irrigations depending on the weather and soil texture, and the general amount of watering. 30 cubic meters to 50 cubic meters/667 square meters. 2. Top dressing manure in the fall of the first year 2,3 cubic meters / 667 square meters, before the flowering nitrogen, phosphorus fertilizer 30 kg / 667 square meters, berry expansion period special grape fertilizer 20 to 30 kg / 667 square meters ,Foliage top dressing 4 to 5 times, when spraying with 0.3% to 0.5%. The foliar fertilizer is such as "Tianjiao" "Big Fat King" and so on. It is sprayed once every 10 to 15 days. 3. Weeding the weeds in the vineyard 3 to 4 times, removing 30 g/pot from the “covered grassâ€, and 50 g/pot from “Gracelessâ€, the weeding effect is very good and does not hurt the grapes. Sixth, pest control wine grape major pests and diseases: downy mildew, felt worms. Principles of prevention and control: Prevention-based, comprehensive prevention and control, and rational application of comprehensive technologies such as agricultural control, biological control, physical control, and chemical control. Use method 1. Clear thoroughly in autumn, cut off the diseased, diseased leaves buried or burned. 2. Timely summer shearing, tying up branches and vines, and diligently cultivating grasses to ensure the air and light transmission of the trees. 3. In case of pests and diseases, timely spraying of high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue chemical pesticides meeting the requirements of green food production, commonly used metalaxyl manganese zinc 500 to 600 times, Keshuang, Jinlei Duomi 600 times, etc., against the downy mildew The disease effect is more than 85%. Only in this way can we guarantee the superior quality and price of wine grapes, so as to ensure the interests of growers and companies and enhance the market competitiveness of enterprises.
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