In the growth and development stage of edible fungus fruit bodies, especially after harvesting the first mushroom, it is a very effective measure to improve the production of edible fungi and improve the quality of various edible nutrients. However, if it is not properly applied, it will be counterproductive. The following key technologies should be mastered when applying nutrition. 1. Choose the scientific method of supplementation. The methods of supplementing the edible fungi include spraying, infusion and soaking. The most common method is to prepare a certain concentration of nutrient solution, sprayed with water spray onto the bacteria bed, bacteria tube or bacteria. When spraying in the young bud period, pay attention to spraying the nutrient solution around the mushroom-free area or the small mushroom bud, and then rinse the fruiting body with water. Spraying the nutrient solution is best carried out when the strain is at a low tide. For the bacteria, the bacteria column and the segment wood, the soaking method can be used to supplement the nutrition, and the nutrient solution is taken out after being prepared in the prepared nutrient solution. The specific soaking time must be determined by the type of infusion and the weather conditions. This method is generally carried out after harvesting each mushroom. In the bed, the infusion method can also be used to supplement the nutrition, that is, the bed surface is covered with soil, the funnel is inserted into the material, and the nutrient solution is poured into the soil. The distance of the perfusion point is preferably 10 cm, and the perfusion of each hole depends on the thickness of the material, generally 5 ml to 10 ml. 2. Alternate application of different nutrients for a long time to simply apply a certain nutrient, can not meet the various nutrients required for the growth and development of edible fungi. Therefore, when supplementing nutrition, it is necessary to alternately apply various nutrients or mix and apply. Generally, nutrient solution added with nutrients is applied first, and then high-efficiency nutrient solution or high-efficiency conditioner is added. 3. Accurately grasp the application amount. If the nutrition is excessive, it will cause the culture material to be too wet, the permeability will be deteriorated, and even the mycelial growth will be inhibited, which will have a destructive effect on the growth of mycelium; The application concentration should be accurately determined according to the dry humidity of the culture medium and the different edible fungus types. If the humidity is large, the concentration of the nutrient solution can be increased to reduce the amount of water added. In addition, after the application of the nutrient solution, the amount of ventilation should be increased to lose a small amount of water to prevent the growth of the hyphae or fruiting bodies from being caused by the excessive humidity of the material surface or the air. 4. Strictly control the application of organic fertilizer. The applied organic fertilizer should be fully decomposed, must not contain bacteria and eggs, strictly eliminate the application of tanning or rotting organic fertilizer; second, adhere to some fungi that are not suitable for organic fertilizer application. No, it is necessary to apply, and it can only be boiled for a period of time, and its digesting solution is diluted and applied. In addition, when applying plant extracts such as soy milk juice and potato juice, it should be used now and should not be placed for a long time to prevent rancidity and deterioration, and the application concentration should be strictly controlled. 5. Attention to environmental impact Generally, when the temperature is higher than 25 °C, many fungi are not easy to differentiate to form fruiting bodies, and nutrition is stopped at this time. Glucose solution, soy milk juice, human excrement, etc. are not suitable for application at temperatures above 20 °C. If the bacteria bed, the fungus tube and the bacteria block have been infected with the bacteria, the bacteria must be removed before the nutrition can be supplemented, otherwise the degree of contamination of the bacteria will be increased.
The automatic biochemical analyzer is an instrument that measures a specific chemical composition in body fluids according to the principle of photoelectric colorimetry. Due to its fast measurement speed, high accuracy and small consumption of reagents, it has been widely used in hospitals, epidemic prevention stations and family planning service stations at all levels. The combined use can greatly improve the efficiency and benefits of routine biochemical testing.
principle
The automatic analyzer is to automatically run all or part of the steps of sampling, mixing, warm bath (37°C) detection, result calculation, judgment, display and printing results and cleaning in the original manual operation process. Today, biochemical tests are basically automated analysis, and there are fully automatic biochemical analysis systems designed for large or very large clinical laboratories and commercial laboratories, which can be arbitrarily configured according to the laboratory's testing volume.
Whether it is the fastest-running (9600Test/h) modular fully automatic biochemical analyzer today, or the original manual-operated photoelectric colorimeter for colorimetry, the principle is the use of absorption spectroscopy in spectroscopic technology. It is the most basic core of the biochemical instrument.
Optical system: is a key part of ACA. Older ACA systems used halogen tungsten lamps, lenses, color filters, and photocell assemblies. The optical part of the new ACA system has been greatly improved. ACA's beam splitting system can be divided into front splitting and rear splitting due to different light positions. The advanced optical components use a set of lenses between the light source and the cuvette to convert the original light source. The light projected by the lamp passes through the cuvette to bring the beam to the speed of light (unlike traditional wedge beams), so that the spot beam can pass through even the smallest cuvette. Compared with traditional methods, it can save reagent consumption by 40-60%. After the spot beam passes through the cuvette, the spot beam is restored to the original beam through this group of restoration lenses (wide difference correction system), and is divided into several fixed wavelengths (about 10 or more wavelengths) by the grating. The optical/digital signal direct conversion technology is used to directly convert the optical signal in the optical path into a digital signal. It completely eliminates the interference of electromagnetic waves to the signal and the attenuation in the process of signal transmission. At the same time, the optical fiber is used in the signal transmission process, so that the signal can achieve no attenuation, and the test accuracy is improved by nearly 100 times. The closed combination of the optical path system makes the optical path without any maintenance, and the light splitting is accurate and the service life is long.
Constant temperature system: Since the temperature of the biochemical reaction has a great influence on the reaction results, the sensitivity and accuracy of the constant temperature system directly affect the measurement results. The early biochemical instruments used the method of air bath, and later developed into a dry bath with constant temperature liquid circulation which combines the advantages of dry air bath and water bath. The principle is to design a constant temperature tank around the cuvette, and add a stable constant temperature liquid that is odorless, non-polluting, non-evaporating and non-deteriorating in the tank. The constant temperature liquid has a large capacity, good thermal stability and uniformity. The cuvette does not directly contact the constant temperature liquid, which overcomes the characteristics of the water bath type constant temperature being susceptible to pollution and the uneven and unstable air bath.
Sample reaction stirring technology and probe technology: The traditional reaction stirring technology adopts magnetic bead type and vortex stirring type. The current popular stirring technology is a stirring unit composed of multiple groups of stirring rods that imitate the manual cleaning process. When the first group of stirring rods is stirring the sample/reagent or mixed solution, the second group of stirring rods performs high-speed and high-efficiency cleaning at the same time. The set of stirring bars also undergoes a warm water washing and air drying process at the same time. In the design of a single stirring rod, a new type of spiral high-speed rotating stirring is adopted, and the rotation direction is opposite to the spiral direction, thereby increasing the stirring force, the stirred liquid does not foam, and reducing the scattering of light by microbubbles. Reagent and sample probes are based on the principle of early capacitive sensing, but slightly improved to increase the alarm of blood clots and protein clots, and re-test results according to the alarm level, reducing sample aspiration errors and improving the reliability of test results. . Large-scale biochemical instruments can detect more than 1,000 tests per hour, so automatic retesting is very important. Subjective evaluation of test results and manual retesting can no longer meet clinical needs.
Other aspects: barcode recognition of reagents and samples and computer login. Due to the lack of barcode recognition function of early biochemical instruments, there are more opportunities for errors. In recent years, both imported and domestic chemical instruments have adopted barcode detection. The use of this technology in biochemical instruments has provided technical support for the development of high-speed ACA, and also made the instrument quite supportive. The software development is simple and easy, therefore, barcode detection is the basis for the intelligence of the instrument. Open reagents, as an important factor for hospitals to choose models, whether the instrument supports open reagents is very important. After the reagents are opened, hospitals and scientific research units can choose their own reagent suppliers, and have a greater degree of freedom in measuring the price, the reliability of the test results, and the validity period of the reagents. Ion Selective Electrode Analysis Accessory (ISE), human serum and urine electrolyte indicators are very important, and hospitals can save money by adding ISE to the ACA system.
Bio Chemistry Analyzer, Clinical Chemistry Analyzer, Blood Chemistry Analyzer,Urine Chemistry Analyzer
Jilin Sinoscience Technology Co. LTD , https://www.contoryinstruments.com