Release date: 2015-10-27
Abstract: In 2011, IBM released a super doctor assistant called "Watson". The medical materials of tens of millions of G were "implanted" into the brain of "Watson", including the patient's clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, Treatment programs, etc., can provide doctors with good disease diagnosis and treatment decision support. The work process of "Watson" is actually a complete big data analysis process, which is the successful application of medical health big data. Natural language understanding, finding evidence, and judging are the three abilities of "Watson". This "cognitive computing" ability makes "Watson" a useful place in the current big data wave. "Watson" collects data from different sources of information and refines it to provide advice and advice to hospitals, or physicians and doctors on medical procurement. At the MD Anderson Cancer Center at the University of Texas, "Watson" advises doctors to treat complex diseases and cancer.
Domestic medical health big data is exploding. According to statistics, in the past two years, domestic capital investment in the medical industry has begun to consciously "embrace" Internet genes, and investment in software and hardware accounts for 38% of total Internet medical investment. The investment in mobile medical care accounts for 19%, and the ultimate goal is the occupation of healthy big data terminals. In such a market environment, can China produce smart medical robots like Watson?
Medical big data is surging, generating huge commercial and social value
On August 31, the "Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Action Plan for Promoting Big Data Development" proposed that a unified open platform for national government data be established by the end of 2018, and that public data resources should be rationally and appropriately implemented in important fields such as medical care, credit, and transportation. Openness will drive the public to carry out big data value-added, public welfare development and innovative applications, fully release data dividends, and stimulate public entrepreneurship and innovation. After the announcement, the hot topics such as medical big data have been warmed up again in recent years, and it has become one of the focuses of investment.
At the same time, in August, September and October, seminars on personalized medicine and precision medicine were held in Shanghai, Nanning, Xiamen and Wuhan. The policy background of this indication is that the National Health and Family Planning Commission has successively issued the "Technical Guidelines for Gene Detection of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes and Drug Targets (Trial)" and "Technical Guidelines for Individualized Treatment of Tumors (Trial)" to personalize medical treatment. And precision medicine has risen to the level of national policy, which has triggered a strong response from the industry.
In fact, in the first step of European and American countries, the development of medical big data is not new. In his report, McKinsey pointed out that by removing institutional barriers, big data analysis can help the US healthcare industry create $300 billion in added value a year.
Talking about specific medical big data application cases, IBM's "Watson" is a living case. According to PCWorld, US drug retailer CVS Health and IBM reached a partnership in July that will use predictive analytics and "Watson" cognitive computing to improve care management for patients with chronic conditions. CVS Health has 7,800 pharmacies across the United States, which will work with IBM to optimize co-developed technologies for use in a range of chronic conditions such as high Blood Pressure , heart disease, diabetes, asthma, obesity, and more. According to IBM Chief Health Officer Cocu Rey, the overall goal is to enable CVS pharmacists and healthcare providers to "better patient, customized care, and improve patient health to the best possible condition." It is understood that the optimized technology will add the ability to identify the risk reduction of the customer's health and focus on getting the customer into the prevention program. The technology will also focus on encouraging patients to use prescription drugs, health regimens, and advice for community health and outpatient clinics.
Why is there no "Watson" in the country?
Big data, as its name suggests, is an extremely large amount of data. The accumulation of medical big data is not possible. In the early days, most medical-related data existed in paper form. With the development of powerful data storage, computing platforms and mobile Internet, medical data is undergoing a large number of outbreaks and rapid electronic digitization.
The amount of data in the medical field is huge and the types of data are complex. By 2020, medical data will increase to 35ZB, which is equivalent to 44 times the amount of data in 2009. The medical data contains data such as basic patient information, individualized diagnosis and treatment information, prognosis diagnosis, Biochemical examination, biological information of various images or pathological biopsy, and the types are complex.
To use big data technology in the medical field, enough information is the basis of data analysis. However, the quality of data in China is not enough to support the scientific research needs of the "Watson" level.
On the one hand, there are major problems in the amount and quality of data we have accumulated so far. For example, medical data sources have more or less concerns. For example, patients are concerned about personal privacy issues, and pharmaceutical companies are reluctant to share certain sensitive information due to commercial interests. More critically, the medical information, software and hardware services of each hospital and institution are independent, lacking reasonable interfaces, and the data standards are not uniform. In the opinion of experts, at present, China's medical big data is like a large piece of "honeycomb coal", and the channels for big data collection are not smooth. At present, China does not have a complete medical standardization system. A large amount of medical data is sleeping in the hospital system, and the utilization rate is not high.
On the other hand, the effective application of big data is a systematic project that requires a series of professional skills to ensure the success of big data analysis. After obtaining enough information, it is necessary for the professionals in the relevant fields to work together with the information technology experts to conduct a targeted induction and analysis of the data, and to obtain high performance composed of a large number of emerging technologies (such as Hadoop Map Reduce, in-memory database, etc.). The professional analytical technology architecture solution, and whether this interdisciplinary and cross-domain cooperation can be successfully implemented is an important issue in the practical application of big data technology. In the process of developing medical big data in China, the construction of talent team also needs to be strengthened.
The development of medical big data in China is facing a golden opportunity for development
First of all, from a policy perspective, the state is fully aware of the importance of big data. In March 2015, the State Council issued the “Notice on Printing and Distributing the Outline of the National Health Service System (2015-2020)â€: By 2020, The three major databases of the full population information and electronic health record box electronic medical records basically cover the national population and update the information dynamically. There is a metaphor in the industry: in the medical field, big data analysis is comparable to experienced clinicians. In fact, many medical-related companies have begun such exploration.
On July 5, 2015, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Cardiovascular Disease Precision Medicine Alliance was formally established. The alliance is based on the model of precision medicine, which combines the advantages of the three places and builds a precise medical research system for cardiovascular diseases based on the clinical and scientific research units of the three places. The integration and optimization of such resources will greatly promote the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the three places and even the whole country, bring a new medical big data revolution, and profoundly affect the future medical model.
Secondly, in the cognitive aspect of medical professionals, more and more hospitals and experts are aware that medical big data will bring immeasurable value to the development of medicine. The National Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Research Center of Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, recently published a related article, which comprehensively evaluated the status quo of "non-compliance" and "no evidence" in China's medical practice and clinical research. In-depth analysis of the causes of the above problems, combined with the "new medical reform" and "clinical big data" policy and technical opportunities, put forward suggestions. The development of medical big data will improve the ability of China's important clinically relevant scientific research output, and provide reliable evidence for guiding the formulation of national health policy and the choice of appropriate Chinese medical treatment strategies.
In the aspect of optimizing medical solutions through medical big data, Dr. Dong Ran, a well-known cardiologist and deputy director of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, said: At present, cardiovascular disease is the number one killer of residents' health in China, and about 3.5 million people die each year. For cardiovascular disease. Its medical expenses have also climbed at a rate of 18.6% per year, which has greatly exceeded the growth rate of China's GDP and has become a heavy burden. But the research and development of medical health big data can bring us a lot of benefits. For example, in clinical data comparison, clinical decision support, real-time statistical analysis, remote patient data analysis, postoperative rehabilitation management, new drug research and development, medical control fees, intelligent medical care, etc., there will be unexpected research space.
Third, China's strong economic strength has provided strong support for the development of the medical big data industry. The development of communication technology, the application of big data and cloud computing make it possible to quickly obtain valuable data from real-time information flow; only the increase in hardware possession, the popularity of smart phones, so that the in-house data can be complemented and improved. Disease management and telemedicine are no longer just concepts; advances in machine learning technology have made intelligent triage and clinical decision support possible, and have helped doctors improve the quality of clinical services (for regional basic medical institutions) and efficiency (for large-scale top three hospital).
It is particularly worth mentioning that under the impetus of the "Internet +" that the Chinese government values, more and more social capital has entered the medical industry, and new technologies and new products have emerged in an endless stream, accelerating the transition from traditional medicine to smart medical care. The process of change. For example, in July 2014, the Beijing Municipal Government and the Internet companies jointly launched the Beijing Health Cloud Platform to collect user's physical data through smart devices, and after big data analysis, the results were simultaneously recommended to offline medical service organizations and experts for users. Provide personalized health services. In the medical segment, the first cardiovascular mobile follow-up intelligent application platform in China was jointly launched by Rundao Health and a number of cardiovascular authorities in China. The platform established a unified cardiovascular follow-up standard and structured data collection model. By providing a personalized rehabilitation plan for discharged patients, the interaction with patients was increased, and the probability of secondary hospitalization was greatly reduced. The post-medical level data and the in-hospital data establish a complete data link. Through the data mining, it provides a valuable basis for the hospital and doctor's clinical diagnosis and treatment decision, the best treatment plan search, treatment and drug development. It is not difficult to predict that with the further accumulation of data and the improvement of mining capabilities, these professional-level data precipitated by the platform will increasingly play an invaluable value.
Looking forward to the future, China is expected to breed more and more powerful "Watson"
As mentioned above, China, as a populous country, is in its infancy in health care big data, but once it starts to act, the huge population base makes it possible for us to accumulate a large amount of medical data in a short period of time and form a valuable The underlying database.
In addition, medical resources still belong to China's scarce resources for a long time, which will be a long-term contradiction with the huge patient demand, and new pressures such as the aging of the population will also make it necessary for Chinese medical care to develop precision medical care and smart medical care. Supplementary medical services. New technologies such as human-machine dialogue and remote diagnosis and treatment will further optimize existing medical services.
In short, medical health big data is a treasure trove that is forming, and many institutions and enterprises have begun to explore the new service model of "big data + medical". Based on the huge base of Chinese patients, the current state of China's medical development, the ever-changing technology application and the booming market trends, we can be confident that China's medical robots with completely independent intellectual property rights are just around the corner.
Source: Bio Valley
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