With the development of biogas tank construction technology in the vast rural areas, biogas is a clean energy for farmers to cook and illuminate, and the proportion of household energy consumed by households is increasing day by day. It is increasingly loved by the general public and the enthusiasm for building pools is increasing. However, many users do not know much about how to ensure the normal gas production in the newly-built biogas digesters. In order to ensure the normal production of gas from biogas digesters, the following methods should be adopted for the first batch of feed:
1, choose high-quality fermentation raw materials. The raw material for fermentation started from cow dung, horse dung or sheep dung is selected. These dung ingredients are fine and contain many low molecular compounds with a carbon to nitrogen ratio of 20-30:1. Use the above manure as raw materials for fermentation to start fast and produce good gas. If pig manure is used as a raw material for fermentation, cow manure accounts for about 30% of the main raw material due to the high nitrogen content. Be careful not to use chicken droppings or human droppings as starting materials. Because there are few bacteria in the biogas, this type of material is easily acidified and the fermentation cannot be performed normally.
2, raw material stacking. Raw materials are piled up for a period of time before entering the pool to promote decomposition. If feces is made of raw materials, fresh ones should be used as much as possible. Plastic film should be placed on the dung heap in order to gather heat and breed bacteria. When the temperature is above 20°C, stack it for 2-3 days. When the temperature is around 15°C, pour it once to make the fermentation even.
3, the concentration of the fermentation liquid and feeding amount. The concentration of the fermentation material liquid refers to the percentage of the total solid (or dry matter) mass of the material as a percentage of the feed liquid, and generally takes the percentage of the total liquid (or dry matter) weight as the weight of the feed liquid, generally 6%-10%. Within this range, lower concentrations are used when temperatures are high, and higher concentrations are used when temperatures are low. Taking cow dung as an example, the dry matter content per 100 kilograms of fresh cow dung is 17 kilograms. To prepare 1,000 kilograms of a 6% fermentation liquor, 353 kilograms of cow dung and 647 kilograms of water are added. The first charge of the digester is 80% of the tank volume, and the maximum charge is 85%. It is best to add water after drying to increase the temperature of the fermentation liquor.
4. Add enough inoculum. In order to speed up the start of biogas fermentation and increase the gas production of biogas, it is necessary to input inoculants rich in biogas bacteria into the biogas digesters. It is better to use the old biogas digester as an inoculum, and it is also possible to use inoculum as the inoculum and the sludge in the sewage ditch. The inoculum volume should reach 10%-30% of the raw material for fermentation.
5, adjust the pH of the fermentation material liquid. Biogas bacteria should grow and reproduce in a neutral or slightly alkaline environment. The acidity (pH) of the fermentation liquor in the pool is preferably 6.8-7.5. At the start of the biogas digester, more organic acids are generated due to the activity of acid-producing bacteria. In order to accelerate gas production, appropriate amount of ash or lime clarifier can be added to adjust the pH.
After the above method is adopted, the movable cover of the biogas digester is sealed. When the water column on the biogas pressure gauge reaches 40 cm or more, the gas shall be set aside and the gas will be ignited after 1-2 times of deflation. This indicates that the biogas fermentation has started normally.
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