Yam is a dioscoree crop and it is a very popular vegetable. It not only has high nutritional value and unique flavor, but also can be used as medicine. Due to the increase in market demand, the cultivation area of ​​yam has been expanding in recent years. Farmers' friends often ask fertilization problems in the cultivation of iron stick yam through a hotline. The following is a list of two different types of fertilization characteristics in current yam production for analysis.
In the first category, some farmers in Hebei, Henan and other places have been growing yam for many years and can obtain yield levels of more than 4,000 kilograms per mu. They are mainly characterized by organic fertilizers, supplemented by appropriately quantified fertilizers. First of all, in the soil before planting deep-buried, enough base fertilizer. Apply 5 tons of organic fertilizer per acre and mix 25 kg of calcium and 10 kg of potassium sulfate to make the 30 cm soil deep and fertile. Just over a month after planting, the water control was not top-dressing. When the vines grew to 30-40 cm in length, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer and a small amount of water were applied according to the seedling growth. The first nitrogen fertilizer and water can not be used openly; if used, it will promote the growth of pods on the ground and delay the growth of underground rhizomes, resulting in “running rakes†and causing difficulties and reductions in the later period. The second time the topdressing fertilizer has to wait until after the vine spreads, the growth advantage of vine vines is basically formed, and then topdressing a nitrogenous fertilizer, such as applying urea 15-20 kg/mu, or applying ammonium bicarbonate 30 kg/mu, this time for the sake of The growth phase of the ground growth needs to promote the growth of stems and leaves, and the third time dressing is in the middle of the root expansion, adding 10-15 kg/mu urea. After the two top dressings were in the rainy season, soil moisture was better, and the fertilizer effect played a significant role. Last year, the agricultural extension worker of Wen County in Henan Province suggested that in addition to applying 15 kg/mu of urea during the second topdressing, an additional 10 kg of potash fertilizer was added, and the effect was good. This experience of fertilizing yam has been widely cited in the local area.
The key to this type of large-scale application of organic fertilizers and appropriate amounts of chemical fertilizers is to grasp the use of chemical fertilizers. During the mid-growth phase, high-yield yam can be obtained safely and safely by applying topdressing N and K fertilizers 2-3 times. The key technology for topdressing nitrogen fertilizers is to grasp the time for good nitrogen fertilizers, especially the first nitrogen recovery time and nitrogen fertilizer usage. Use it just right and don't use it. Otherwise, there will be a problem of "running rakes." At present, with the expansion of iron rod yam planting area, due to the small amount of organic fertilizer applied in new production areas, the issue of balanced fertilization of iron stick yam in the new production areas where chemical fertilizers supply is the most prominent.
The second category, in the absence of sufficient amount of organic fertilizer, yam fertilization in a larger proportion of fertilizer, balanced fertilization techniques should pay attention to the following points:
The base fertilizer of yam should be applied deep below 25-30 cm. The type of base fertilizer must be combined with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, and soil should be arranged for drying. Phosphorus and potassium are the main fertilizers in basal fertilizers, and nitrogen fertilizers are used as supplements and the principle of stabilizing nitrogen fertilizers is applied. Generally nitrogen in basal fertilizers does not use ammonium or amides in the nitric acid state.
The top dressing of yam is mainly available nitrogen fertilizer, and appropriate potassium fertilizer is applied. Nitrogen can be partially nitrated and ammonium complex, solid or liquid.
During the top-dressing period, the yam grows mainly in the early growth period and is mainly grown in the later period. During the top-dressing period, nitrogen control is required in the early stage, moderate top-dressing irrigation is performed in the middle period, and nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are combined with top-dressing during the root expansion period. The frequency of topdressing is 2-3 times, that is Shi Zhuangfeifei, nitrogen and potassium fertilizers suitable for the turning period, and nitrogen fertilizer during root swelling.
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Corn (Maize) is cultivated throughout China. It is also widely grown in tropical and temperate regions of the world and is an important cereal. With yields of up to 700-900 kg per mu, maize is one of the more productive grains.
Corn is rich in nutrients, with protein, body fat, tapioca starch, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin A, vitamin E, carotene, methyl cellulose and calcium, phosphorus and iron. Corn is a good source of vitamin C, which can help boost the immune system and help fight cancer. Compounds found in corn have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. According to research, fresh corn contains 4-5 times more body fat than rice and flour, and contains unsaturated fat, of which 50% are fatty acids, which inhibit the digestion and absorption of cholesterol. It is an excellent medicine for long-term use to reduce blood cholesterol and soften blood vessels, making it an ideal vegetable oil for patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, obesity and the elderly.
Corn is also a cereal and low-fat food. Researchers have found that a low-fat diet has no significant effect on the risk of several diseases. In past follow-ups, a low-fat diet was found to provide significant and sustainable health benefits.
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