Pinus tabulaeformis, also known as Northeast black pine, short-leaved Pinus massoniana, evergreen tree, distributed in Liaoning, Jilin, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Ningxia, Sichuan, Qinghai and other places. Pinus elliottii is evergreen and has a vigorous posture. It is a good material for gardening. Now its cultivation management technology is introduced as follows, for reference only.
Pinus tabulaeformis is a light tree species. One to two years old seedlings are slightly tolerant to shading. If adult trees lack light, they will grow poorly or even die. Cold, resistant to -30 °C low temperature. Strict requirements on the soil, resistance to thin, but poor growth in low humidity and clay soil, hi neutral, acidic soil, not saline. Deep-rooted, medium-growth, and vigorous growth in spring, seedlings can bloom and solidify from 6 to 7 years.
Water and fertilizer management
Pinus tabulaeformis has strong anti-drought ability, and the requirement for water is not very strict. Generally speaking, it is necessary to pour the first three waters when planting, and the rest of the time will depend on reliable natural precipitation. At the end of autumn, the frozen water should be poured well. After heavy rain in summer, drainage should be promptly done to avoid the death of seedlings due to water accumulation. In the early spring of the following year, the frozen water was poured in time and the rest of the year was watered according to the method of the first year. From the third year onwards, thawing water and frozen water can be poured every year, and natural rainfall can be reliably generated in the rest of the year. It is worth reminding that, if you catch up with the drought for several months, you should also water in time to ease the drought. Too dry is not conducive to the growth of seedlings.
Pinus sinensis is resistant to barren, but it is also good for fertilizer. Adequate fertilizer can make seedlings grow vigorously. When planting, the fermented beef and horse manure can be used as base fertilizer, and the base fertilizer needs to be evenly mixed with the subsoil. In the past, there was a kind of understanding that fertilizer could not be used in the seedling stage of Pinus tabulaeformis. However, it was believed by some growers that applying topdressing fertilizer in a reasonable amount during the growing season, applying nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage, and applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in later stages have a good effect on accelerating seedling growth. No fertilizer damage will occur. In winter, some cow and horse dung can be applied in conjunction with frozen water. In the second year, topdressing can be carried out during the growing season according to the first year, and cattle and horse dung can be used at the end of autumn. From the third year, fertilization can be carried out according to the second year method.
Pruning and Shaping
If the pine trees are not modeled, the natural tree-shaped pine does not require high pruning, and attention may be paid to removing the dense branches. For some inward branches, diseased branches, drooping branches, and cross branches, timely sparse cutting is performed. Molding seedlings should be pruned according to the requirements of the application, trimming styling should pay attention to gradual and orderly progress, can not be quick, and coveted in one step. Also according to the requirements of tying, stretching and other methods of modeling.
Breeding method
Choose a tree with a beautiful tree shape, good dryness, strong resistance, and no pests and diseases for 30 to 50 years. After the conifers mature in early October, it is the best time for seed collection. The collected cones are placed in a ventilated place for drying. After the seed is deseeded and sterilized, the seeds are decontaminated with 75% chlorothalonil wettable granules 800 times, and then dried. Take the dry storage method and place it in a cool, dry place for storage.
There are two kinds of seedlings for Pinus tabulaeformis, one is flat nursery seedlings and the other is container seedlings. Container seedlings are easy to operate, and they save land and seeds, and the survival rate of transplanting is very high. Therefore, container seedling raising methods have been used in various places in recent years. Select leeward sunny, easy to operate as a nursery. The nursery must be plowed to make a low or flat bed. Use a 10 cm high, 7 cm diameter nutrient pot as a nursery container. The substrate is made of sandy loam soil and fermented beef and horse manure and disinfected. Before sowing, the seeds should be germinated and soaked in warm water at 45°C for 24 hours. After the water is sucked, remove the water and cover it with a damp cloth. Spray water every day. After one week, seed coat cracking can be used for sowing. Before sowing, the nutrition bowls are arranged neatly on the seedbed and then sowed. Each nutrient bowl is sown with 5 to 7 seeds. After sowing, it is covered with plain sand, and the soil thickness is more than 2 cm above the bowl height, and then the water is sprayed. And often keep the earth moist.
Pest Control
The common disease of Pinus tabulaeformis is pine seedling damping-off, which is also known as blight. The pathogens are Rhizoctonia and various Fusarium species. There are four kinds of symptoms: rot type, tip rot type, stumbling type, and standing type. The most common types are stumbling type and standing type. The pine seedling damping-off disease should be controlled at the time of raising seedlings. First, nursery plots should be selected for cultivation. Do not choose to stick the soil as a nursery site. Thoroughly sterilize the nursery and substrate before sowing. . If it can occur, it can be sprayed with 500% solution of 25% Tricodone WP and simultaneously roots, once every 10 days, 3 to 4 consecutive applications.
Pests harmful to Pinus tabulaeformis include: broad-shouldered straight-toothed, loose-breasted coriander, oil pine ball borer, Keteleeria grandiflora, Jusong long-footed big mantle, Chinese pine tree long-footed big cockroach, Japanese pine dry cockroach, Japanese single-ridge shield There are more than 30 kinds of pine needles and pine cone shoots.
If there is a broad-shouldered straight tinea serrata and loose-breasted breasts, it can be sprayed with 48% of Lost oil 3500 times solution or 3% hypertonic phenoxy-tolerate EC 3000 times for control. If there are pine bulbs, eucalyptus, cycads, giant pine borers, pine trees, and large pine trees, they can be killed by using 10% imidacloprid wettable particles 2000 times or 1.2% bitter oil emulsion 1000 times. If Japanese pine scorpion and Japanese unicornulous shielded locust occur, 1 to 1.5 bumeide lime sulfur can be sprayed during 1 to 2 instar nymphs, and 3% hypertonic phenoxyoxetane 3000 times or 20% sucrose can be used during the exposure period. Debride 1000 times for dry stick spraying.
If there is a small leaf moth, it can be sprayed with 20% diflubenzuron 7000 times liquid or 1.8% abamectin 3,000 times liquid in young larvae.
If there are loose pits, small cut tip, pine vertical pit tip, small needles, pine twelve tooth, small hole, small hole in the hole, red fat size, false oil, pine shoot tip, oil shoot tip , In the spring before the adults fly out in the rhizosphere of the application of 20% iron gram particles or injection into the tree tree net. In the event of reddide shoots and pine cone shoots occur, light or attractants can be used to trap and kill adult larvae.
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