Release date: 2014-04-10
Recently, two groups of researchers in the United States have drawn embryonic brain transcription maps and mouse brain neural junction maps. The results of this study will help to provide a reference for the study of human brain development and neural circuits. The relevant research results were published on the website of Nature magazine on April 2nd.
In April last year, US President Barack Obama announced the Human Brain Research Program, which aims to explore the working mechanism of the human brain, map the whole picture of brain activity, and develop new therapies for brain diseases that are currently incurable. On the occasion of the planned launch of the year, researchers at the Allen Institute of Brain Science in the United States released two new research results.
The first is the transcriptional map of the human brain during the embryonic period. The structure and function of the human brain depend to a large extent on the transcriptional process of the embryonic period, that is, the process by which genetic information is copied from DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) to RNA (ribonucleic acid). This process initiates key gene expression, but the brain science community has previously lacked understanding of the developing brain in this process.
The researchers analyzed the brain development of four fetuses from 15 weeks to 21 weeks, and mapped the transcriptional map of the human brain in the uterus. Through this map, the researchers identified a number of dynamic expression regions of genes involved in neurological or psychiatric disorders that will help understand the pathogenesis of the disease.
Another group of researchers mapped out the brain-brain junctions of the mouse, the first mammalian brain-connected map of the whole brain, and the most comprehensive vertebrate brain map ever drawn. This map helps to understand how the various regions of the mouse's brain communicate with each other, which in turn helps to understand the neural network of the human brain and its association with brain diseases.
The complexity of the brain and its role are unmatched by any other organ. Understanding the human brain's operating mechanism not only helps to diagnose and treat brain neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, but also reveals the mystery of high energy efficiency and high reliability of human brain, which is of great significance for artificial intelligence research. .
Source: Health News
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