Fertilize to promote the restoration of tree vigor
During the fruit-bearing period, most of the nutrients are absorbed by the fruit to meet the needs of the grape fruit to expand and mature. After grapes are harvested, promoting tree vigor as soon as possible is the primary measure for post-harvest grape management. In this regard, it is necessary to apply confinement fertilizer in time, generally 15 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, or a mixture of humic acid, 0.3% urea solution and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for 2-3 times of foliar fertilizer. Usually spray once every 10 days. If the relative tree vigor is vigorous, it can be used less or not to prevent the new shoots from growing and consuming nutrients.
Preserve leaves and promote maturity of branches
After the grapes are harvested, try to keep the grape leaves as much as possible to prevent premature shedding, because the grape leaves are still undergoing photosynthesis and accumulating nutrients after the grapes are harvested. Premature defoliation is not conducive to the accumulation of nutrients and the maturation of branches. Therefore, except for the leaves and dead leaves with pests and diseases that need to be picked, other leaves should be kept as long as possible. For branches that are still growing in the current year, lightly topping should be done to promote maturity of the branches. Another measure to protect leaves is to prevent and control diseases, especially downy mildew.
Remove shoots and control the prosperous growth of branches
After the fruit is harvested, the grape branches and vines will continue to grow. This should be controlled reasonably to prevent excessive consumption of tree nutrients. Reasonable control, that is, the growth of branches and vines should be conducive to the maturity of the branches, to promote the main vine and the reserved auxiliary shoots to be thick, the buds are full and full, and the winter shoots will not germinate, and the tree body nutrients will not be consumed. Take measures such as topping and removing auxiliary shoots to reduce nutrient consumption for the elongated branches. At the same time, the branches and vines should be pruned reasonably, leaving more thick branches and less weak branches, and thinning out branches that are too dense, thin and weak branches, and diseased branches as soon as possible. However, it is not advisable to cut off a large number of auxiliary shoots and old leaves after harvesting. This will affect the maturity of the branches in that year, and it is easy to force the winter buds, which will seriously affect the growth and fruit of the next year. Generally speaking, no leaves and few shoots are removed after harvesting. Try to keep strong branches and leaves.
Loosen the soil and promote the growth of new roots
In autumn, the orchard is overgrown with weeds, coupled with frequent operations such as picking management, the soil becomes more compacted and soil air permeability becomes poor. Therefore, after the grapes are picked, it is necessary to cultivate the soil to loosen the weeds in time and carry out deep plowing. The depth of deep ploughing is generally about 18 cm at the base of the fruit tree. This is not only conducive to the looseness and air permeability of the soil in the garden, but also can retain water and fertilizer, and promote the growth of new roots.
Deep tillage, early application of base fertilizer in autumn
Autumn base fertilizer is the most important fertilization in the annual growth cycle of grapes. The application time of base fertilizer in autumn should be "morning rather than late", generally not more than November. Therefore, when the outside temperature is still high, the soil microorganisms are more active, which is conducive to the decomposition of fertilizers and the absorption by the root system, producing more organic nutrients, and laying a good foundation for the safe overwintering of grapes and the growth of next year. If the application time is too late, the air temperature and soil temperature will be low, which will affect the decomposition of fertilizer and the absorption of roots, and the purpose of applying base fertilizer in autumn will not be achieved. Basic fertilizer should be organic fertilizer, and pay attention to the reasonable combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Generally, 1000-2000 kg of decomposed sheep manure, 25 kg of compound fertilizer, and 50 kg of superphosphate are applied per mu. Furrow application is recommended for base fertilizer, and ring furrow or strip furrow application can be adopted according to the age of the tree. The groove depth is generally 40-80 cm, and the groove width is 30-40 cm. After the fertilizer is applied, water it thoroughly and cover with soil.
Drought prevention, timely irrigation
Grapes are shallow-rooted plants, with most of their roots distributed 10-30 cm below the ground surface, and they are extremely vulnerable in autumn with high temperature and drought. The autumn drought is a serious problem that is common in production, and the soil often becomes powdery 10 cm below the soil. Drought damage can cause severe curling of grape leaves, reduced nutrient content of branches and vines, and stop of flower bud differentiation. Therefore, during the high temperature and dry season in autumn, the vineyards should be irrigated in time before 7:00 in the morning. Remember not to irrigate during the high temperature period from 10 am to 6 pm.
Clean the garden, prevent and control pests
Do a good job in clearing the gardens and reduce the density of field pests. After the grape harvest is finished, the pruned branches in the garden should be removed, the dead leaves, diseased branches and leaves, remaining diseased fruit particles, tendrils, removed damaged bagging, and weeds in the garden, etc. Cleared out of the park and buried deep or burned. In this way, it is beneficial to reduce the density of pests and diseases in the garden and reduce the probability of occurrence of pests and diseases next year. At the same time, grape leaves are susceptible to downy mildew, powdery mildew, white rot, and brown spots. After the grapes are picked, they can be sprayed alternately with azoxystrobin, dimethomorph, and cymoxanil, once every 10-15 days. Or use 50% Kejunte wettable powder 500 times liquid, 65% dysenzine wettable powder 500 times liquid, 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 1000 times liquid, etc., spray 1 every 10 days Times.
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Nucleic Acid (DNA/RNA) Extraction Kit
1. Introduction
The total viral nucleic acid extraction kit is suitable for extracting total viral nucleic acid from serum, plasma, tissue homogenate and other samples. The kit is based on silica column purification technology, which eliminates the need for toxic phenol-chloroform extraction and time-consuming alcohol precipitation. This product has successfully extracted nucleic acids from hepatitis B A/C, hepatitis C, and norovirus standard. The obtained DNA/RNA can be directly used in a series of downstream experiments such as PCR, RT-PCR, and LAMP.
Notice:
1. The carrier RNA solid must be dissolved in Nuclease Free Water to 1µg/µl before use, and vortex to dissolve. Store in aliquots at -70°C. If you need to store it at -20℃ for a long time, please repackage it according to the number of times of use.
2. Dissolve Proteinase K (20mg/ml): Add Proteinase Dissolve Buffer to dissolve Proteinase K to a final concentration of 20mg/ml. Proteinase K dry powder can be stored at 2-8°C for one year, but dissolved Proteinase K must be stored in aliquots at -20°C. Repeated freezing and thawing of Proteinase K can affect its activity.
3. Buffer VHB must be diluted with 14 ml absolute ethanol before use and stored at room temperature.
4. Buffer RW2 must be diluted with 80 ml of absolute ethanol before use and stored at room temperature.
3. Shelf life
Except for Proteinase K and Carrier RNA, other components of this product can be stored at room temperature (15-25°C) for 12 months, and should be stored at 2-8°C for long-term storage. Proteinase K and Carrier RNA dry powder are transported at room temperature. Please store at -20°C after receiving the test product, and store at -20°C after dissolving.
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Jilin Sinoscience Technology Co. LTD , https://www.contoryinstruments.com