1. Choose the best kind. In spring mulching cultivation, varieties with good precocity, strong resistance to disease, and strong adaptability should be selected. Such as short head 567DW, 667DW and other varieties.
2. Soil preparation. The huge root system of the oil sunflower and the deep plowing of the arable land can meet the requirements of deep roots and water and fertilizer absorption. The depth of ploughing should be stable at 20-23 cm on a yearly basis. When ploughing Mushi farmyard fertilizer 3000 kg, compound fertilizer 50 kg base fertilizer.
3. Suitable sowing. The spring sowing should be planted at 5 to 4 centimeters in 4 to 5 days at 8 to 10 degrees Celsius. The suitable period in central and southern regions of the province is mid-March. Single and double grain can be used for on-demand or 2 seeds per hole, 400-500 grams of sowing. The planting density depends on the conditions of soil strength, generally spacing 50 cm, spacing 30-40 cm, sowing depth 3 ～ 5 cm, cultivating about 4000 strains of fertilized land and 4000-4500 strains of thin seedlings.
4. Field management. Oil seedlings need less water at the seedling stage and have stronger drought resistance, and seedlings should be used to promote root growth. Bud stage is the critical period of water demand. If the weather is dry, it is advisable to combine 20 kg of compound fertilizer with watering and ditching, and the depth of fertilization should be 8 to 10 cm. The flowering filling period is also a critical period for water demand, and watering should be done in time if drought occurs. Although the oil sunflower is tolerant to drought but not tolerable, it should be drained in time if the rainwater is too large. The majority of oil sunflower pollination is done by means of insects. If the weather during the flowering pollination season is poor or pollinating insects are few, pollination can be done by means of free-ranging bees or artificial pollination, and the flowers can be gently chopped together.
5. Disease prevention and pest control. The underground pests of oil sunflower seedlings can be baited by poison baits. In the middle and late stage, the oil sunflower aphids and cotton bollworms are mainly responsible for the damage. When the prevention and control targets are met, 1000 times liquid spraying of highly effective cypermethrin can be used for prevention and treatment; the main disease that damages the oil sunflower is sclerotial sclerotia, and the field diseased plants should be promptly cleaned up, and the sclerotia net should be used. Agent spray control.
6. Timely harvest. About 30 days after the final flowering, the upper part of the plant, 4 to 5 leaves and the upper part of the stem and the disc back yellow, hull blackened or hardened, the seed can be harvested in real time, early spring plastic film cover generally in late June Or harvest in early July. After the harvest, the oil sunflower dish shall be spread out, air-dried, threshed, lifted, and stored in a timely manner.
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