In recent years, with the development of the national economy, the improvement of people's living standards and the awareness of health care, the demand for vegetable supply has become higher and higher. Consumers not only have vegetables for the anniversary, but also require a wide variety of vegetables to be served in the annual market. In the winter, they can eat vegetables in the summer, and in the summer they can eat vegetables in the winter. Therefore, making full use of the three-dimensional climatic conditions of Guiyang City to produce off-season vegetables has broad prospects. At the same time, the price of anti-season vegetables is high and the market is good. Developing anti-season vegetables is also an effective way to increase farmers' income. The Huinong School now introduces the anti-season cucumber cultivation techniques as follows.
Variety selection
Autumn cucumber is in the high temperature stage in the early stage of growth, so it is advisable to use a variety of heat-resistant and anti-viral diseases. Such as: Zhongnong No. 8, Jinchun No. 4 and so on.
Cultivated land selection
Choose a water source near, water retention, fertilizer retention capacity, well-drained plots, deep turn bauxite in advance lOd, fine and smooth.
Sowing seedling
Sowing time is carried out from late June to mid July.
The seed treatment is soaked with 55% warm water for 5 to 10 minutes, stirring continuously, and then soaking for 3 to 4 hours after natural cooling, and filtering and drying with gauze. It can be immersed in 50% carbendazim 500 times solution for 1 hour or 50% carbendazim 500 times solution with seed weight of 0.3%.
Seeds sterilized by sowing techniques are germinated at a temperature of 28 to 30%, and can be sown after breaking the chest. It can also be broadcast directly in the soil by means of live broadcast. Since the growth and development of autumn cucumber seedlings are in a high temperature environment, special attention should be paid to cooling and moisturizing. After sowing, cover the ground with a shade net to make it tidy. After the emergence of the seedlings, the shade net will be changed to a flat shed, and the management will be carried out in time according to the weather changes.
Planting density
It adopts deep ditch, sorghum and narrow box cultivation to facilitate drainage and facilitate field operation. The distance between the nests is 60-75cm×40～50cm, and there are 2 plants per nest, and 37,500 nests per hectare. The roots of cucumber are shallow and should not be planted deeply.
Field management
Diligent application of fertilizer water Autumn cucumber growth period is short. The amount of fertilizer consumed and lost is large. In addition to ensuring sufficient base fertilizer, the number of top dressings should be more, the interval should be shorter, and the water should be fat. Work hard and thin. Fertilizers require the most potassium and nitrogen to prevent plant growth. When it comes to flowering and fruit setting, add nitrogen and potassium fertilizer to promote growth and increase yield. If the supply of fertilizer water is insufficient or when it is too long, it is easy to produce deformed melons, big belly melons, and even bitter taste, reducing the quality of its products.
Racking
Cucumber has tendrils that can climb upwards, but the tendrils are poorly wound. Artificial bales must be carried out. When the height of the seedlings is 30cm, the erecting frame will be used to lead the vines to the frame. Afterwards, the vines will be bundled once every 3 to 4 knots. The tops will be destroyed by the tops, and the growth will not be allowed to continue, which will cause the lower part to turn over and concentrate the nutrients. Increase production.
Rational administration of hormones
In order to prevent the length of the female, increase the number of female flowers, increase the fruit setting rate, spray the ethephon on the 2 to 3 leaves of the cucumber seedlings to induce the formation of female flowers. The concentration is 1 to 1.5 g of ethephon, 10 kg of water, and sprayed once every 7 days, usually 23 times.
Pest Control
The main diseases are downy mildew, blight, powdery mildew. The main pest is Huang Shougua. Control measures: carry out rotation, select resistant varieties, and carry out seed treatment. Pesticide for pest control should be selected to use pesticides that can be used for the growth of pollution-free vegetables. It is strictly forbidden to apply high-toxic and high-residue pesticides, and strict attention should be paid to the safe interval of pesticide use. It is strictly forbidden to spray pesticides within 7 days before fruit harvesting.
Downy mildew
50% carbendazim WP 500-800 times solution, 58% Redolmir WP 500-700 times solution, 70% Ephosphor Zn-Zn WP 1.5kg/h m2 can be used for prevention and treatment.
Fusarium wilt
In the early stage of the disease, 2% agricultural anti-120 was used and 150 times liquid was used. 50% bacteriostatic water-soluble powder 600g/hm2, 50% cumin WP 2000 times solution. 20% of the disease A wettable powder 400 ~ 600 times liquid, 15% of the mildew water agent 3000 times liquid control.
powdery mildew
In the early stage of the disease, 1000 times of powder rust and 300 times of carbendazim were used for prevention and treatment.
Huang Shougua
Control with phoxim 1500 times or methionate 2000-3000 times.
Harvest at the right time
Cucumber should be harvested in time after it reaches the market standard, and harvested once in 2 to 3 days. The fruit is required to be fresh, free of disease spots, clean, and free of traces of pesticide residues.
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