Strawberries are sensitive to the external environment, especially soil salinity, so the proper temperature and humidity, and a healthy and suitable soil environment are the basic conditions for the production of high-quality strawberries. However, due to the excessive input of fertilizer, various nutrients in the soil are enriched. After investigation, when the soil EC value (representing the salt index) exceeds 0.5, it indicates that the soil salinity has started to exceed the standard, strawberry water and nutrients have begun to be blocked, resulting in slow strawberry seedlings, easy-to-dead seedlings, dwarf plants, stunting, serious Dead wither, death, yield and quality decline.
Through the application of fertilizers and spraying pesticides to solve problems in production, it has threatened the quality of strawberries and farmland environment. This kind of production management approach is incompatible with the concept of green ecology. If measures are not taken early, this situation will become more common as the years of cultivation increase. Therefore, at the same time as obtaining high yield and quality of strawberries, it is an urgent need to ensure the sustainable development of the facilities strawberry industry while paying attention to the protection and maintenance of soil health.
“Industrial desalination in the recreational period - Uncovering the membranes in the rain-lime-nitrogen-soil disinfecting†integrated technology, using the facility's regular leisure period (June-September), planting a row of corn in the shed; the leisure period is exactly the same In the same period of the rainy season in Beijing, the upper and lower tuyres were opened and the soil salinity was leached using the lyophobic rain. After the corn was grown, the crushed and turned over pressure and lime nitrogen soil disinfection technology were simultaneously performed.
The specific steps are: after the strawberry is pulled on the loquat (June-September), the soil is sown and sowed (25 kg/mu sowing). During the corn planting, no fertilizer is applied, only the water is poured, and the upper and lower tuyere is opened to wash. . After the corn grows to 1.5 meters or 40 days, the corn seedlings are crushed using a four-wheel rotary cultivator. At the same time, the basal fertilizer (manure) needed for the lower jaw was applied, and a small tractor was used to start the continuous “Sâ€-shaped ditch from the east to the west from the water inlet opening a total of 7 ditch. The comminuted corn seedlings, manure, and lime nitrogen (30 kg) were screwed into the ditch and drenched with 60 squares of water. Covering the mulch, covered film, double film coverage, high temperature dwelling shed for 30 days. After the boring shed is over, do the hoeing, cover the mulch, and start squatting.
After planting corn in leisure period, the soil salt content can be reduced by 52%-75.2%. Combined with uncovering the rain, the nitrate nitrogen in the soil is reduced by 80%, and the effect of desalination is obvious. The amount of corn overturned can reach 1484 kilograms or even higher, equivalent to the input of 128 kilograms of urea, 81 kilograms of superphosphate and 169 kilograms of potassium sulfate. If a large number of fresh corn seedlings are crushed and returned to the field each year, soil fertility and soil organic matter can be increased. Lime nitrogen disinfection can significantly reduce the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in the soil, which decreased by an average of 59.4% and 84.4%, respectively, and reduced soil-borne diseases of strawberry in facilities. Some farmers only disinfect the strawberry shed in their own facilities and need to invest 625 kg/mu of wheat straw powder (requiring 667 yuan). Almost every farmer has corn, so there is no need to buy a corn plant; there is no need to fertilize it during planting, and the required irrigation water also comes from rainwater.
The technology is easy to obtain, low in cost, simple in operation, easy to accept by farmers, and can make full use of excess nutrients in the strawberry shed of the facility to reduce soil salinity, increase soil organic matter, and kill pathogenic bacteria in the soil. Provide a safe and healthy soil environment.
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