The chemical composition of Placenta
The composition of human placenta is more complicated. Also contains interferon (interferon commodity placenta globulin is mostly contained), there are inhibition of a variety of viruses on human cells, containing macroglobulin called β-inhibitor (β-inhibitor) can inhibit the production of influenza virus. The placenta contains components related to blood coagulation, fibrin-stabilizing factors similar to Factor XII, urokinase inhibitors (which inhibit the action of urokinase-activated plasminogen) and plasminogen activators. In general, fibrin deep zymogen activators are much less effective than inhibitors.
The human placenta also contains many hormones: gonadotropin A and B, lactogen, thyrotropin, oxytocin-like substances, a variety of steroid hormones and estrone, and oestrogen. Estradiol, estriol progesterone, testosterone, deoxycorticosterone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone (compound A ), cortisone (compound B), 17-hydroxycorticosterone (compound F), tetrahydrocorticosterone, 4-pregnene-20,21-diol- 3,11-dione (4-pregnen-20,21-diol-3,11-dione), chorionic gonadotropin (a polypeptide hormone of a protein), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenocorticotropic) Hormone) etc.
The human placenta also contains a variety of useful enzymes such as lysozyme, kininase, histaminase, oxytocinase, albumin, alpha-globulin, beta - Globular protease, γ-globulin, etc. In addition, it still contains erythropoietin, phospholipid, β-endorphin, aminopolysaccharide (which consists of 8 molecules of acetyl-ammlucose and 6 molecules of mannose). Placental lactogen (polypeptide compounds) contains a variety of amino acids and contains traces of vitamin B12, acetylcholine, and iodine.
With respect to the antiviral substances in Placenta, more reported is the placenta peptide, which is a colorless, transparent, dialysis, ultrafilterable, and heat-labile polypeptide with negative protein expression and a molecular weight of 3,800-5, 000. Contains 17 amino acids. From the available data, the presence of IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ in the placental trophoblast has been confirmed by immunohistochemistry and immunochemistry. Prof. Zhu Yutong had already extracted beta interferon from the 2-month old placenta as early as 1980. Human trophoblast interferon (htIFN), which is highly active, was purified from its culture supernatant by in vitro culture of placenta tissue. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis showed that it was a class of IFN-α-like immune responses. Active substances. It has been confirmed that placental trophoblast protein (TP) is one of the members of the IFN family, but its understanding is still insufficient, and research in this area needs to be intensified.
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