Verticillium wilt is one of the most important diseases in the eggplant growth process. In recent years, it has been aggravating in some areas. Especially in the protected cultivation, the incidence is rapid and the condition is serious, which seriously affects the eggplant's yield and quality. Therefore, the characteristics of the disease should be controlled by drugs.
Symptom recognition
Eggplant verticillium wilt disease can occur soon after colonization of eggplant. In case of low temperature colonization, the disease will be early and heavy, but the incidence area is the largest and the condition is the most serious. At the onset of disease, the leaf margins and veins near the petiole of the lower half of the plant leaf yellow, and then gradually develop into half leaf or yellowing of the entire leaf, and the leaf margin curls slightly upwards, sometimes the lesion is limited to the wilting appearance of the eggplant strain, sooner or later. After the rain, it can be restored. Afterwards, the leaves turn brown, and the whole leaves are wilted, the leaves are stripped, and the whole plant dies. When the disease develops rapidly, the whole leaf is often wilted and becomes brown and dead. The majority of the disease is the whole disease, and there are still some disease-free and healthy branches. At the time of onset, most of the plants gradually developed from the lower part of the plant. In severe cases, the leaves of the whole plant fell off. The diseased plants are short, the plant shape does not stretch, the fruit is small, and the long fruit is sometimes curved. The discoloration of vascular bundles in the xylem can be seen in the longitudinally cut rhizomes, which is yellow-brown or tan.
Occurrence
The Verticillium wilt of eggplant is caused by the infestation of the Rotifera rotiferae fungus.
The pathogenic bacteria with dormant mycelia, chlamydospore and microsclerotia blocked overwintering in the soil with the diseased body and became the initial source of the leach year. The pathogens in the soil can survive for 6 to 8 years. The pathogens are transmitted to disease-free fields through wind, rain, livestock and farms, and farm implements by mixing fertilizers, soils with bacteria, and solanaceous weeds. In the second year, the germs plunged from the wounds of the roots or directly from the roots and root hairs of the roots, then propagated in the vascular bundles and spread to the branches and leaves. The disease was not repeated in the year. The optimum temperature for the onset of pathogenic bacteria is 19-24 degrees, and mycelia and sclerotia are lethal after 10 minutes at 60 degrees. In general, the temperature is low, the roots of wounds heal slowly when planting, which is conducive to bacterial invasion; from the time of planting to flowering, the daily average temperature is lower than 15 degrees for a long time, the onset is early and heavy; the terrain is low, the application of unripe organic fertilizer, improper irrigation and Continuous disease is heavy.
Prevention technology
1. Before sowing, soaking, seed sowing, soaking with 30% sterile germ oil 1000 times for 5-6 hours.
2, before transplanting pharmaceutical treatment eggplant seedlings transplanting with 50% carbendazim WP 2500 times liquid soaking seedlings, if the use of nutrition seedlings nursery, before transplanting with 50% carbendazim wet powder 2500 times evenly spray .
3, seedling prevention and treatment of the early onset of application of pesticide control, 3 times in a row, can use 50% carbendazim WP 2000 times, 30% bacteria EC 2000 times, 10% bactericidal superior agent 1500 times liquid alternately use.
4. In the early period of eggplant disease prevention and control until the end of fruit picking, continuous spraying shall be used for prevention and control, each interval of 7 days. The pesticides used were polymagnesium zinc, thiophanate-methyl, dimethomorph, and difenoconazole. To control Verticillium wilt in the eggplant period, attention should be paid to the foliar dressing in combination with spraying, and 30 g of monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate and 50 g of urea should be added to the sprayer barrel liquid to enhance the resistance of the crop and improve the quality of the eggplant.
Symptom recognition
Eggplant verticillium wilt disease can occur soon after colonization of eggplant. In case of low temperature colonization, the disease will be early and heavy, but the incidence area is the largest and the condition is the most serious. At the onset of disease, the leaf margins and veins near the petiole of the lower half of the plant leaf yellow, and then gradually develop into half leaf or yellowing of the entire leaf, and the leaf margin curls slightly upwards, sometimes the lesion is limited to the wilting appearance of the eggplant strain, sooner or later. After the rain, it can be restored. Afterwards, the leaves turn brown, and the whole leaves are wilted, the leaves are stripped, and the whole plant dies. When the disease develops rapidly, the whole leaf is often wilted and becomes brown and dead. The majority of the disease is the whole disease, and there are still some disease-free and healthy branches. At the time of onset, most of the plants gradually developed from the lower part of the plant. In severe cases, the leaves of the whole plant fell off. The diseased plants are short, the plant shape does not stretch, the fruit is small, and the long fruit is sometimes curved. The discoloration of vascular bundles in the xylem can be seen in the longitudinally cut rhizomes, which is yellow-brown or tan.
Occurrence
The Verticillium wilt of eggplant is caused by the infestation of the Rotifera rotiferae fungus.
The pathogenic bacteria with dormant mycelia, chlamydospore and microsclerotia blocked overwintering in the soil with the diseased body and became the initial source of the leach year. The pathogens in the soil can survive for 6 to 8 years. The pathogens are transmitted to disease-free fields through wind, rain, livestock and farms, and farm implements by mixing fertilizers, soils with bacteria, and solanaceous weeds. In the second year, the germs plunged from the wounds of the roots or directly from the roots and root hairs of the roots, then propagated in the vascular bundles and spread to the branches and leaves. The disease was not repeated in the year. The optimum temperature for the onset of pathogenic bacteria is 19-24 degrees, and mycelia and sclerotia are lethal after 10 minutes at 60 degrees. In general, the temperature is low, the roots of wounds heal slowly when planting, which is conducive to bacterial invasion; from the time of planting to flowering, the daily average temperature is lower than 15 degrees for a long time, the onset is early and heavy; the terrain is low, the application of unripe organic fertilizer, improper irrigation and Continuous disease is heavy.
Prevention technology
1. Before sowing, soaking, seed sowing, soaking with 30% sterile germ oil 1000 times for 5-6 hours.
2, before transplanting pharmaceutical treatment eggplant seedlings transplanting with 50% carbendazim WP 2500 times liquid soaking seedlings, if the use of nutrition seedlings nursery, before transplanting with 50% carbendazim wet powder 2500 times evenly spray .
3, seedling prevention and treatment of the early onset of application of pesticide control, 3 times in a row, can use 50% carbendazim WP 2000 times, 30% bacteria EC 2000 times, 10% bactericidal superior agent 1500 times liquid alternately use.
4. In the early period of eggplant disease prevention and control until the end of fruit picking, continuous spraying shall be used for prevention and control, each interval of 7 days. The pesticides used were polymagnesium zinc, thiophanate-methyl, dimethomorph, and difenoconazole. To control Verticillium wilt in the eggplant period, attention should be paid to the foliar dressing in combination with spraying, and 30 g of monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate and 50 g of urea should be added to the sprayer barrel liquid to enhance the resistance of the crop and improve the quality of the eggplant.
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